NAT (Network Address Translation) is a technique used to translate private IP addresses into a public IP, allowing multiple devices to share a single external IP address.

Elaboration:

• Helps conserve IPv4 addresses.
• Used in routers and firewalls for IP address management.
• Types include Static NAT, Dynamic NAT, and PAT (Port Address Translation).

Example:

A home router assigns private IPs (192.168.1.x) to devices while using a single public IP to access the internet.