Indexing is a database technique that improves the speed of data retrieval operations by creating a data structure that allows fast lookups of specific rows in a table.

Indexes work like the table of contents in a book, allowing the database to quickly find data instead of scanning entire tables.

There are different types of indexes:

• Primary Index: Automatically created on primary key columns.
• Unique Index: Ensures that all values in a column are unique.
• Composite Index: Created on multiple columns.
• Full-Text Index: Used for searching text data.

Example SQL Query (Creating an Index):

sqlCopyEditCREATE INDEX idx_customer_name ON Customers(customer_name);

Now, queries filtering by customer_name will be faster.