A file system is the method and structure by which an operating system manages, stores, and organizes data on storage devices. It provides an interface for users and applications to create, read, write, and manage files on disks.

A File System is a method for storing and organizing computer files and the data within them. Formally, a file system is defined as a data structure that provides the means for storing, retrieving, and managing files on storage devices. It includes mechanisms for file creation, deletion, reading, writing, and access control. A file system also provides metadata management, such as file names, file attributes, permissions, and timestamps. Examples include FAT32, NTFS, ext4, and APFS.

File systems use structures such as directories and subdirectories to logically organize files. They also maintain metadata like file names, permissions, timestamps, and size. Examples of popular file systems include NTFS, FAT32, ext4, and APFS.

Key functions of a file system include file naming, storage allocation, access control, and data retrieval. Efficient file system design ensures data integrity, security, and optimal performance.