Explanation: Decryption is the process of converting encrypted data (ciphertext) back into its original readable form (plaintext) using a cryptographic key or algorithm. This process allows authorized users to access secure information.

Decryption plays a critical role in secure communications, as it ensures that sensitive data transmitted over networks can be safely retrieved and understood by intended recipients.

The effectiveness of decryption depends on the strength of the encryption algorithm and the security of the keys used.

Additional Information: In symmetric cryptography, the same key is used for both encryption and decryption, while in asymmetric cryptography, a public-private key pair is used.

Unauthorized decryption attempts are a common tactic employed by hackers to gain access to sensitive information, underscoring the need for strong encryption standards.

Formal Definition: Decryption is the process of transforming encrypted information (ciphertext) back into its original form (plaintext) using a cryptographic key or algorithm.