Explanation:
Asymmetric encryption, also known as public-key cryptography, uses two keys: a public key for encryption and a private key for decryption. These keys are mathematically related but distinct.

This technique provides a secure way to exchange information without requiring prior key sharing. Anyone can encrypt data using the recipient’s public key, but only the recipient with the private key can decrypt it.

Common asymmetric encryption algorithms include RSA and ECC. Asymmetric encryption is computationally intensive but provides enhanced security for tasks like key exchange and digital signatures.

Additional Information:
Asymmetric encryption is foundational to secure internet protocols such as SSL/TLS and is widely used in email encryption, digital signatures, and blockchain systems.

A common use case is in hybrid cryptographic systems, where asymmetric encryption secures key exchange and symmetric encryption handles data encryption.

Formal Definition:
Asymmetric encryption is a cryptographic technique that uses a pair of keys, one public and one private, to encrypt and decrypt data, ensuring secure communication and key exchange.