Object-Oriented Programming (OOP) is a programming paradigm based on the concept of “objects,” which are instances of classes. OOP allows developers to structure code in a way that mirrors real-world entities, making it easier to model complex systems. The four key principles of OOP are encapsulation, inheritance, polymorphism, and abstraction. These principles help developers build modular, scalable, and maintainable applications by focusing on objects as the core components of the system.

Definition: OOP is a programming paradigm based on the concept of “objects”, which are instances of classes. OOP focuses on organizing code into reusable structures that represent real-world entities.

Key Principles: Encapsulation, Inheritance, Polymorphism, Abstraction.

In OOP, classes define the blueprint for creating objects, and objects represent real-world entities with attributes (variables) and behaviors (methods). OOP emphasizes the use of reusable and extendable code, which makes it easier to update, debug, and maintain large applications. It is widely used in modern software development, with languages like Java, C++, Python, and Ruby supporting object-oriented principles.

OOP encourages the creation of self-contained, independent objects that interact with each other through well-defined interfaces, rather than writing monolithic code. This makes OOP especially powerful for large, complex systems where modularization, code reuse, and maintenance are important.