A stakeholder is any individual, group, or organization that has an interest or influence in a software project.

Explanation:

• Types of stakeholders:
  • Primary stakeholders: Directly affected (e.g., customers, end-users, developers).
  • Secondary stakeholders: Indirectly affected (e.g., government agencies, investors).
  • Key stakeholders: Hold decision-making power (e.g., project managers, business owners).
• Understanding stakeholder needs is essential for requirement gathering and project success.

Example:

• A university management system has:
  • Students & teachers (end-users).
  • University administration (key decision-makers).
  • IT department (developers & maintainers).