Coupling is the degree of dependency between software modules.

Elaboration:

• Types:
  • Tightly Coupled: Modules depend heavily on each other (harder to modify).
  • Loosely Coupled: Modules interact with minimal dependency (better maintainability).
• Goal: Achieve low coupling for flexible and reusable code.

Example:

• Tightly Coupled: If Module A directly calls functions of Module B, changing B may break A.
• Loosely Coupled: If Module A interacts with Module B via interfaces, changes in B won’t affect A.