Object-Oriented Analysis and Design (OOAD) is a methodology that focuses on using objects and classes to model real-world entities in software design.

Elaboration:

• Divided into Analysis (understanding problem domain) and Design (defining software architecture).
• Uses UML diagrams to represent the system structure.
• Encourages reusability, modularity, and scalability.

Example:

A Library Management System can be modeled using Book, Member, and Library classes, where:

• Book has attributes like title, author.
• Member has name, membershipID.
• Library manages books and members.